Last summer I presented at a radical birth
conference called Yonifest, held in Quebec, Canada. I was pregnant at the time
and fully in awe to be included in such a powerful gathering. Everyone there
was deeply committed to exploring and celebrating birth. I presented my own
workshop on transgender experiences of pregnancy, birth and nursing, and also
spoke alongside the famed and revered American
midwife Ina May Gaskin on a panel.
After my presentation, I received wonderful
comments and insightful questions, and I
also saw fear. One midwife recounted how her organization had begun to
change the language in its documents to be inclusive of trans and genderqueer
birthing people, and she told me, “but I don’t want to erase the word ‘woman.’”
She had tears in her eyes and was truly upset. This same midwife had just sat
through my two-hour presentation. She was there because she was interested in
supporting trans people. She was not dismissive.
Now, one year later, in an open letter, agroup including Ina May Gaskin and Katsi Cook (Cook was also present at
Yonifest that summer) has written in protest of changes to wording in the core
competencies document of the Midwives Alliance of North America (MANA). The
letter condemns the erasure of the word ‘woman’ from the MANA document, and
also denies the rights of trans and genderqueer individuals to self-identify as
they wish and questions their right to receive midwifery care. There is much in
the letter that is painful, misinformed and degrading to trans, genderqueer and
intersex individuals, points that have been well-covered in a response writtenby another group, birthforeverybody.org.
Yet,
I don’t want to erase the word ‘woman’ either. I
get where these midwives are coming from -- somewhat. Women are a group who
have been and continue to be oppressed in many ways by a patriarchal society.
This includes women having a terrible lack of control over their bodies during
the birth process. This is not about individual patient rights. For many years,
one group of people, primarily men who do not have the ability to give birth,
has controlled another group of people during the birth process, a group that
is primarily women. Women and midwives have worked incredibly hard to try to
regain social and legal rights to use women’s knowledge in the birth process. I
have deep respect for this struggle.
Yet, trans, genderqueer, and intersex
people have been giving birth for as long as women-identified people have and
they have also encountered oppression. The open letter presumes that to be
trans and to give birth is some new phenomenon of the last few years. Trans
people giving birth are newly visible because
today we are able to transition hormonally and surgically as well as engage our
bodies in pregnancy, but there have always been people who identified
differently from women whilst experiencing birth.
Kathleen Fahy, an Australian midwife and
professor, told me at Yonifest that she remembered when her profession changed
the language first to providing ‘family-centred’ care, and then later to
‘woman-centred’ care. There was a time when the partner (often a cisgender man)
of the birthing parent (often a woman) was not allowed to be present during the
birth. Care providers realized that their approach didn’t respect the family unit
as a whole. However, shifting to use couple language for everything pregnancy
and birth related wasn’t quite right, either. The partner’s body does not give
birth, nor does the body of the doctor or midwife. The birthing parent gives
birth, and the birthing parent was
virtually always perceived as female, although as explained above, trans, genderqueer,
and intersex people have been giving birth for as long as anyone.
I propose that organizations trying to
grapple with respecting the feminist legacy of midwifery care while using
inclusive language should be generous with their ink. Use more words!
From the MANA core competency: “The biological wisdom to give
birth is innate, it has been held throughout time, and is experienced across
cultures by all pregnant people.”
The problem above: the word “woman” has
literally been erased from the sentence.
Solution:
The biological wisdom to give birth is innate, it has been held
throughout time, and is experienced across cultures by all pregnant women and all pregnant people.
Is it wordy? Yes. Is
it inclusive? YES! Is it respectful of the struggles of women against
patriarchy? I think so. There could even be an explanatory note if desired!
The response group at birthforeverybody.org wrote that, “It stands to reason
that women identify as people, therefore women are not excluded by the use of
the word “person” to refer to them. However, there are pregnant people who do
not identify as “women” and feel excluded or misidentified by the use of the
word “women” in reference to them. Therefore, use of the word “people” is
inclusionary, while use of the word “women” is exclusionary.”
The above statement is logically
correct, yet to me it is eerily reminiscent of the way some are promoting the
hashtag #alllivesmatter in response to #blacklivesmatter. Yes, it is true that
all lives matter, but we are focusing on black lives right now because black
people are facing racism and violence every day.
Women and people perceived as women
have faced and continue to face obstetrical violence in the context of a
patriarchal society. We do not need to erase the word “woman” from models of
care or core competency documents, but we should add more words to include
everyone.
If there are people who want to be
referred to as women in the context of birth, such self-identification needs to
be respected. I believe those who wrote the Open Letter feel that they as women
are made invisible by the exclusive use of the words “pregnant individuals.” They
fear a future where they will not be allowed to write or speak about women in
their own practices. For some, becoming pregnant and giving birth is a crucial
aspect of their womanhood, not their
personhood. Queer folks have done well to add more letters to our “alphabet
soup” LGBTTQIA acronym. We can all handle a few more letters.
The Open Letter to MANA contains many
factual errors and offensive statements regarding trans and genderqueer people.
I see there is much work to be done. I want to see two communities that I love,
the radical birth world of traditional midwives and womyn, and the LGBTTQIA
birth workers move forward together. I will always love and respect Ina May
Gaskin’s work. I hope I will meet her again one day and be able to continue
this conversation.
Trevor I fondly remember our time sitting in the creek at Yonifest. I understand and respect your well expressed views (above). I know you are trying to be inclusive but by making childbearing women the generic childbearing persons you do move us sharply away from our feminist commitments. I will seek to adjust our curriculum and philosophy of midwifery at our university to say woman centred* and then say *woman centred includes all pregnant people. What is your response?
ReplyDeleteHI!!! :) I think having an explanatory asterisk is better than nothing at all, but what group of people wants to BE the explanatory asterisk?! Your suggested asterisk is also problematic in that it seems to define transgender men and genderqueer people AS WOMEN. This is why I think we should say both terms, side by side. I have no wish to make childbearing women the generic childbearing persons. My preference would be to say "childbearing women and childbearing people" or "woman centred and client centred".
DeleteIf I were a client approaching you for the first time, your wording as it is now would make me fearful that you would not understand my identity. I would wonder if you think I am a woman. I would worry that you would use the wrong pronouns for me all the time, or you would talk about me to your friends and colleagues using the wrong pronouns (she, her, instead of he, him, his). There needs to be a language choice that shows me that I could trust you to respect the way that I identify.
Trevor
Hi Trevor, sorry it took me so long to find my way back to you blog site; I was looking on Facebook and Huffington post. I like Woman Centred and Client Centred. I certainly want transgendered people to feel safe and to trust that I will respect their self-defined identity.
DeleteThank you so much for this, Trevor! I have been following your blog for several years and I am always impressed by the wisdom, compassion, and optimism that you add to these conversations. I research both breastfeeding and the health of trans children and youth, and I have run into difficulties (particularly in publications) in integrating trans-inclusive language into the world of birth and breastfeeding. Support for trans people does not mean taking anything away from cis women. Language changes and evolves over time. We can find a way to respect everyone, and we can move forward together. I'm e-mailing you as well, because I'll be at your session at CPATH and I'd love to chat about this more!
ReplyDeleteThank you, Julie! I look forward to meeting you at CPATH!!!
Deletehave you considered that "birthing/pregnant women and OTHER birthing/pregnant people" sounds a lot less like women aren't people, than does "birthing/pregnant women and birthing/pregnant people"
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